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Current query:Type: Scientific Studies
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While all links worked when entries were posted to the database, different publishers
have different policies about retaining articles and providing access to archived material.
Thus some of the links, particularly older ones, may no longer be functional.
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A study with rats suggests that radioactive uranium inhaled by soldiers on the battlefield and by workers in factories may bypass the brain's protective barrier by following nerves from the nose directly to the brain.
This study provides yet another example of how some substances can use the olfactory system to bypass the brain's protective blood barrier and go directly to the brain. Titanium nanoparticles and the metals manganese, nickel, and thallium use the same route. 31 July 2009. More...
A detailed analysis of all the available studies comparing work-related, parental pesticide exposure and childhood leukemia finds that the mother’s exposure during pregnancy can double her child’s risk of the disease. The father’s exposure before pregnancy does not.
The study emphasizes the significant contribution of prenatal exposure in developing childhood disease and shows a need for more in-depth studies of the effects of prenatal exposures to environmental factors. 17 June 2009. More...
Scientists identify changes in brain chemistry caused by perfluorinated chemicals that may be the cause of 'deranged spontaneous behavior' observed when young mice are exposed to PFCs.
The chemicals are used in clothing, carpeting, upholstery, floor and car waxes, firefighting foams, and even in the lining of food containers, including pizza boxes and microwave popcorn bags. 3 April 2009. More...
Breast gland development is delayed in mice that were exposed for only a short time through their mothers -- during late pregnancy or while nursing -- to a now widely used chemical found in nonstick cookware and food packaging.
The results show that even a brief exposure to PFOA during a critical time of development can lead to long-term effects on the developing mammary gland. 29 January 2009. More...
Exposure to ionizing radiation just days after birth can impact anxiety and memory during later life, finds a new study with rats.
The radiation exposed rats were less anxious and more forgetful. These behavioral changes are believed to be caused by structural damage to the brain's cerebellum. 11 December 2008. More...
Exposure through the skin to PFOA, a chemical commonly used to make fabric protectors, stain repellants and non-stick surfaces, increases the allergic response in mice when they are subsequently exposed to an allergen.
The results suggest one possible explanation for the rising incidence of asthma in children. Exposure to PFOA is virtually ubiquitous. The levels used in this experiment, however, were much higher than those commonly detected in people. 29 May 2007. More...
An international scientific conference has forged a new consensus statement on the importance of fetal exposures for adult health.
Chemical exposures during prenatal and early postnatal life can bring about important effects on gene expression. New research on rodent models shows that developmental exposures to toxic chemicals, such as the hormonally active substances, diethylstilbestrol, tributyl tin, bisphenol A, genistein, can increase the incidence of reproductive abnormalities, metabolic disorders, including obesity and diabetes, and cancer. 25 May 2007. More...
Studies of health risks of cell phone use that are funded exclusively by industry are substantially less likely to report statistically significant effects.
Compared to studies funded by public agencies or charities, industry funded studies find adverse effects approximately 1/10th as frequently. This pattern is consistent with research funded by the tobacco and chemical industries. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2 January 2007. More...
Fruit flies exposed to cell phone radiation for 6 minutes per day over 6 days had reproductive damage.
The experiments used actual cell phones activated with someone speaking throughout the exposure. Both GSM 900 and DCS 1800 mobile telephony radiations strongly induce cell death (DNA fragmentation) in ovarian egg chambers of the exposed groups. Insects typically are thought more resistant to radiation than people. Mutation Research 15 November 2006. More...
Six case-control studies by the same team of Swedish epidemiologists consistently found an increased risk of brain tumors associated with cell phone and cordless phone use.
Odds ratios ranged from 1.3 to 6.1, depending upon tumor type and phone technology, with confidence limits showing statistical significance. No consistent associations were found for salivary gland tumors, B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or testicular cancer. World Journal of Surgical Oncology. 25 October 2006. More...
A case-control study in Denmark and Sweden finds no association between parotid gland tumors and the use of mobile phones.
The study matched 60 cases of malignant parotid gland tumors and 112 cases of benign pleomorphic adenomas with appropriate controls. They found no association, regardless of duration of mobile phone use, including use for more than 10 years' duration. American Journal of Epidemiology. 14 July 2006. More...
The risk of thyroid cancer increases strongly with dose in people in Ukraine exposed to radioactive iodine by the Chernobyl accident in 1986.
Of over 13,000 people screened, 45 cases of thyroid cancer were confirmed. This is four-fold higher than would be expected. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 7 July 2006. More...
Science Byte: Low frequency electromagnetic field exposure interferes with the action of tamoxifen, in experiments with human breast cancer cells.
The results raise the possibility that EMF exposure could contribute to tamoxifen resistance observed in breast cancer after long-term treatment. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 26 November 2005. More...
The sex ratio in a First Nation community near Sarnia, Ontario has dropped to fewer than 35% boys, significantly below normal.
Prior to 1993, the sex ratio appeared to be normal and stable. Since that time, it has declined significantly, with the strongest decline in the last 5 years. The community lives in close proximity to a large petrochemical complex. Researchers propose that chemical exposures may be contributing to the decline. This would be consistent with some but not all related studies. 21 August 2005. More...
The consequences of exposure to many other chemicals or mixtures of chemicals, such as insecticides—chemicals oftentimes specifically designed to be toxic—are largely unknown.
Many of these chemicals or their metabolites are routinely found in the blood and body fluids of pregnant women and children. Exposures to environmental toxins have been linked with higher rates of mental retardation, intellectual impairment, and behavioral problems, as well as preterm birth, low birth weight and spontaneous abortion. PLOS Medicine. 29 March 2005. More...
Science Byte: Simultaneous exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and contaminants causes genotoxic effects in cells in culture.
The possibility that 50 Hz (power frequency) MF might interfere with the genotoxic activity of xenobiotics has important implications, since human populations are likely to be exposed to a variety of genotoxic agents concomitantly with exposure to this type of physical agent. Toxicology Letters. 22 February 2005. More...
Science Byte: Residential radon may be responsible for about 2% of all deaths from cancer in Europe.
The conclusion is based on a review of 13 case-control studies of residential radon and lung cancer. Risks are particularly evident for smokers and recent ex-smokers. BMJ 31 January 2005. More...
A large retrospective study of UK veterans who served in 1990-91 Gulf War finds indications of fertility impairment.
Vets who served in the Gulf have an increased risk of fertility and a longer time to conception compared to other veterans. 3 August 2004. More...
Nearly half of all pregnancies in the US today result in the loss of the baby or a child born with a birth defect or chronic health problem.
Genetic, nutritional, infectious, and other environmental factors, such as radiation, pharmaceuticals, and toxic chemicals, contribute to the total incidence of birth defects, but the percentage attributable to each is not known. 10 June 2004. More...
Ovarian cancer is an uncommon but very serious form of cancer, much more common in women in North America or Europe than anywhere else.
Hormonal, environmental and genetic factors play roles in the risk for developing the disease. Epidemiology points to some occupational exposures, including solvents in the graphics and printing industries. 17 February 2004. More...
Microwave radiation from cell phones damages rat brains at levels experienced commonly by users of mobile phones. The damage involves increases in blood-brain barrier permeability, and resultant neuronal death.
A team of Swedish researchers has published research documenting significant damage in rat brains following one-time exposures to cell phone radiation. The damage involved decreases in the effectivness in the blood brain barrier and increases in neuron deformities. The scientists reporting this work expressed concern about possible human impacts, and the journal publishing the paper recommends that users use headsets. 26 August 2003. More...
Brain tumors are the second most common form of cancer in children, and are the leading ause of cancer death in children under age 20.
Causes of these tumors are largely unknown. Some rare genetic syndromes are associated with a higher risk of childhood brain tumors, as is radiation exposure, but these causes account for only a tiny fraction of the disease. Some links have been established to environmental factors, including radiation, pesticides, solvents and other industrial chemicals. 15 April 2003. More...
CDC releases the second national report on American body burdens of contaminants.
In the largest and most extensive survey of American body burdens of environmental chemicals ever undertaken, the Centers for Disease Control found widespread low-level contamination in a random sample of Americans in 1999-2000. The good news is that steps taken to reduce exposures are having a positive effect, and that current levels of most of the chemicals measured are beneath those known to cause harm. The bad news? Some chemicals are present at levels associated with health effects. 31 January 2003. More...
Experiments with animals show clearly and repeatedly that early exposure to EDCs, particularly in the womb, can both cause cancer later in life as well as prolong periods of sensitivity to other carcinogens.
Yet very few epidemiological studies of contamination in people are designed in ways that can test the types of links that these experiments suggest are the most likely. Until these considerations are built into the basic design of epidemiological questions, we are likely to be asking the wrong questions about what causes cancer. 31 October 2002. More...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the world.
For the vast majority of cases of breast cancer we cannot explain the causes. A small percentage of cases are linked to an inherited gene. Enviromental factors are implicated by a diversity of studies. 20 October 2002. More...
A team of scientists in Japan raise the intriguing possibility that weight regulation may be vulnerable to endocrine disruption.
In a series of cell culture studies, they found that bisphenol A increases the rate at which fat cells are formed and increases the amount of fat stored in them. Their results open up a new front of research into the causes of the world-wide epidemic of obesity. 1 May 2002. More...
Epidemiology of breast cancer: an environmental disease?
Sasco reviews several studies through 2001 on the epidemiology of breast cancer to document geographic trends and identify risk factors. 1 May 2001. More...
The placenta does not act as a barrier to bisphenol A.
Experiments with rats shows that bisphenol A moves quickly following oral ingestion into maternal blood and thence into the fetus. The rapidity and efficiency of transfer has significant implications for epidemiological studies of bisphenol A's impact in humans. 1 October 2000. More...
Harvard study reviews environmental toxins associated with recurrent pregnancy loss.
Heavy metals such as lead and mercury, organic solvents, alcohol, and ionizing radiation are confirmed environmental toxins, and exposure could contribute to pregnancy loss. Caffeine, cigarette smoking, and hyperthermia are suspected toxins, and the toxic impact of pesticides remains unknown. Seminares in Reproductive Medicine 1 April 2000. More...
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